Since 2003, the EU has conducted the following operations:

• Since January 2003: The EUPM police mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina is helping local police officials with policing organization and the fight against organized crime and corruption.

• From March to December 2003: CONCORDIA military operation to stabilize the situation in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia with recourse to NATO assets and capabilities

• From June to September 2003: The French-led ARTEMIS military operation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to stabilize the security environment and improve the humanitarian situation in Ituri Province

• From December 2003 to December 2005: The EUPOL PROXIMA police mission in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to provide assistance in developing a professional police service

• From July 2004 to July 2005: The EUJUST THEMIS rule of law mission in Georgia to strengthen rule of law structures and advise on penal law reform

• Since September 2005: EU Border Assistance Mission in Georgia to assist the Georgian border protection service and other relevant institutions

• Since December 2004: The EUFOR ALTHEA military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina with recourse to NATO assets and capabilities. Follow-up operation to the previously NATO-led SFOR operation in the country. With an initially 7000-strong troop contingent the largest crisis management operation the EU has undertaken to date. 

• Since April 2005: EUPOL KINSHASA police mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. European police experts are advising Congolese police officials and in particular a specially trained police unit tasked with protecting government institutions.

• Since May 2005: EUSEC CONGO security sector mission. European experts are assisting with security sector reform in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

• Since July 2005: EUJUST LEX rule of law mission. Training of high-level Iraqi justice and police officials in how to establish a modern justice system based on respect for the rule of law.

• Since July 2005: Support for the African Union (AU) AMIS operation to stabilize the situation in the Sudanese province of Darfur. The EU is providing assistance both in a military and police capacity (e.g. transport of AU peacekeeping troops to their theatre of operations; European police advisers advise and train AU police officers).

• September 2005 – December 2006: EU observer mission in Aceh/Indonesia (with the participation of a number of ASEAN members). At the request of both conflict parties, the EU is monitoring the implementation of the peace agreement between the Indonesian Government and the separatist Free Aceh Movement GAM in the Northern Sumatran province of Aceh. Main focus: the handing in and destruction of GAM's weapons, the re-integration into society of GAM fighters, the withdrawal of Indonesian troops and police units from the province and monitoring of the human rights situation.

• Since November 2005: EU Border Assistance Mission at the Rafah border crossing in the Gaza Strip (EU BAM Rafah). On 15 November 2005 Israel and the Palestinian Authority concluded an agreement on inter alia the opening of an international border crossing at Rafah between the Gaza Strip and Egypt. Some 70 EU observers are currently monitoring Palestinian border and customs checks at the Rafah crossing. The mission is an important contribution to the Middle East peace process.

• Since December 2005: EU Border Assistance Mission (BAM) on the Ukraine-Moldova border. Over a 2-year period a team of now over 100 EU observers will make unannounced visits to various points on the Ukraine-Moldova border with a view to improving cooperation between the Ukrainian and Moldovan authorities on border management.

• Since January 2006: EU police mission in the Palestinian territories (EUPOL COPPS). The mission is helping to establish sustainable and effective policing arrangements under Palestinian ownership. To this end EU experts are advising and assisting Palestinian police officials.

• January – June 2006: EU Police Advisory Team (EUPAT) in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Following the termination of EUPOL PROXIMA this short-term mission continued on a modified basis its advisory assistance to the Macedonian police force. Its purpose was to prepare for the subsequent assumption by the European Commission of responsibility for EU assistance activities.

• July – November 2006: EU military operation to provide security for the electoral process in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (EUFOR RD Congo). At the request of the United Nations a German-led European force supported Congolese security personnel during the election period.